THE KATES HILL PRESS, DUDLEY, ENGLAND

 

SYNOPSIS of  A WITNESS FOR PEACE”  by  GREG STOKES

 

Background to the work:

On April 15th 1986, the day after the U.S. bombed Libya, my father Douglas Harold Stokes, was murdered in Morocco.  This was reported widely as a case of a “crazed knifeman running amok.”  In fact the murderer was quite specific about his victims, people he perceived as Americans, quite the opposite of running amok.  While the murderer must take full responsibility, for his act, my father’s death seems to have been a result of the bombing raid.

 

Following the event we were treated badly at the hands of the media, the politicians, and the travel insurance company.  These examples of secondary victimisation are worthy of publication in their own right as they highlight the real plight of families of murder victims.  Secondary victimisation is, sadly, commonplace and by no means exceptional to my family.  There is a myth in our society that victims are cared for.  They are not.

 

I wrote about our experiences as a family because I felt that there was a real need for victims to tell their stories in their own words, believing that a body of such testimony was required in order to lay a number of myths that existed about victims.  Murder in our society holds a fascination for the general public, there is almost a glamour attached to it.  At the time A Witness For Peace was written, no book about murder from the victim’s perspective existed.

 

PROLOGUE

In Limbo, introduces us as a family as we first became known to the world, as victims, surrounded by the media, hell-bent on getting information so that they could convey ‘what it is like’.  What it is like to lose a loved one requires some understanding of who has been lost. The first part of the book, therefore, is a chronicle of the family, my father’s life story.  All victims have a life story and only by telling such stories can people begin to realise what has been lost by the family concerned.  The flashes on the news reels and in the papers are just that, flashes.  They may invoke pity, but they convey no sense of loss.  The family chronicle is a history of the town’s development as well as our own as the two could not realistically be divorced.  Part II of the book describes the murder itself and how the family learnt of it.  Part III describes the aftermath, the media invasion, the funeral, the struggle with the insurance company.  Part IV looks at the issues these experiences threw up.  A moving epilogue completes the work.

 

PART I  CHRONICLE

Chapter One; The Beginning, charts the origins of the family from the 1880s and ends with my father’s birth in 1920.

 

Chapter Two; Early Years In The Huts, covers the period from 1920 to 1927 when the family lived in huts built in the war to house munitions workers.  In 1924 one of the children was killed in a road accident.

 

Chapter Three; Upwardly Mobile, 1927 to 1934.  The family move to a new council house.  There is a portrayal of the depression in the Black Country and some scenes of childhood and school.  The chapter ends with the death of a second child in a road accident.

 

Chapter Four; Out Of Darkness, 1935 to 1939.  Doug starts work, a job he got in effect through the death of his brother.  There is an economic recovery in the west midlands because of the motor industry, but war is looming.

 

Chapter Five; “Give Me A Bren Gun”, 1939 to 1945.  Doug went off to war full of bravado.  “Give me a Bren gun!”  He served for 3½ years in India and Burma with the Royal Artillery.  When he came back he wouldn’t talk about it much.  This chapter is the result of extensive research at the Public Record Office in Kew.  From being a period of which little was known of his whereabouts, the movements and actions of his unit are charted throughout the war.

 

Chapter Six; “Some Never Came Back”, 1945 to 1951.  Doug comes back to banners reading “welcome back”.  He has them taken down as some never came back.  He settles back into work and resumes his football and cricket.  He eventually meets Avery Winifred Baxter.  This is the woman he will marry.

 

Chapter Seven; Avery, 1951 to 1957.  Doug marries Avery.  The chapter covers the early years of marriage and the birth of the children.

 

Chapter Eight; The Family Years, 1958 to 1973.  The title is self-explanatory.  The style is more anecdotal now as I take up the story myself.  It covers the period from the children starting school to the first one leaving the nest in marriage.

 

Chapter Nine; The Transition Years, 1973 to 1078.  The children have grown up and there is realignment.  Eventually Doug and Avery have the house to themselves.

 

Chapter Ten; “Forty Years Man And Boy”, 1979 to 1982.  Recession.  The nation, the town, Dudley Co-op are in decline.  The chapter ends with Doug and Avery facing redundancy.

 

Chapter Eleven;  The Ragmon’s Trumpet, 1983 to 1985.  Avery’s uncle used to say that if ever he west midlands went down the pan he wouldn’t give this country the blow off a ragmon’s trumpet for its chances.  The west midlands was going down the pan but there is hope.  Greg is working in the middle-east and Doug and Avery are philosophical about redundancy.

 

Chapter Twelve; The Marrakesh Express, January to April 1986.  Things hadn’t been good in the family but they start to get better, we all start looking to the future.  Doug and Avery go on their adventure to Morocco.

 

PART II  MURDER

Chapter Thirteen; “Some Corner of a Foreign Field”, 15th April 1986.  The Americans have bombed Libya as a move to counter terrorism.  In the souk in Marrakesh Doug and Avery and another couple are oblivious.  Doug is killed going to the aid of a man he barely knew who was attacked on the grounds of his nationality.

 

Chapter Fourteen; Bad Night in the Black Country, 15th and 16th April 1986.  The news breaks in the family.  The world turns upside down.

 

PART III  AFTERMATH

Chapter Fifteen; The Gentlefolk of Journalism, 16th April 1986.  The family were besieged by journalists.  How they practised is described.

 

Chapter Sixteen; “Alright Ave?” 16th April 1986.  Mom is brought back – alone.  We are reunited as a family.  This is the scene the media wanted to muscle in on.  They were not allowed.  It is shared here out of choice, our choice, not through coercion.

 

Chapter Seventeen; A Moroccan Coffin, 17th to 30th April 1986.  The body is brought back and the legal wheels set in motion amid bewilderment.  There has to be a formal identification for the inquest, the most awful task of a lifetime.

 

Chapter Eighteen; “A Witness For Peace”, 1st May 1986.  The funeral conducted by Inderjit Bhogal who entreated that we should bear witness to peace and life rather than be used as a cause for hatred. (Inderjit Bhogal latter went on to become the head of the Methodist Church in the UK.)

 

Chapter Nineteen; Fountain Pen Thieves, May to October 1986.  The travel insurance ‘people’ agree that Doug is dead but not that he has been murdered.  Moroccan death certificates do not provide for cause of death.  Should omissions of documentation be visited upon the families of murder victims?  Sorting out this problem was a protracted matter involving politicians, some of whom have little to be proud about.  They didn’t help us as a matter of course, they had to be coerced.

 

Chapter Twenty; Moving On, October 1986 to 1988.  The family learns to live without Doug.

 

PART IV  ISSUES

Chapter Twenty One; Media Intrusion.  In this chapter the copy the media produced is analysed in detail.  Media intrusion is often criticised. This is the only book in which there is full analysis of their actions and product.  As their copy was produced mostly from other sources, in no way could their intrusion be justified.

 

Chapter Twenty Two;  Bereavement And The Pathology Of The Professional.  There had been little research into the effects of homicide on surviving family members.  This chapter suggests that the response of certain professionals might be wholly inappropriate.  Because there is greater professional involvement subsequent to a homicide as a matter of course now, the warnings sounded here are even more pertinent ten years on.

 

Chapter Twenty Three;  Insurance And Corporate Criminality.  Looks at the morality of selling travel insurance for venues where the medico legal documents render payment impossible.

 

Chapter Twenty Four;  Death; Prevention, Politics, Penalty.  Looks at whether some deaths in times of political unrest are preventable, how murders are used, or not, for political ends, and how murder victims families are all assumed, wrongly,  to be pro death penalty.

 

Chapter Twenty Five; Justice or Convenience.  The man who murdered my father was absolved on the grounds of mental illness.  From the transcript of his trial it is clear that lies were told.  Even if he had a history of mental illness, was he florid at the time he committed his act?  If so, why were no Moroccans killed?  Was his trial a matter of justice, or convenience?

 

EPILOGUE

My Back Pages ;  Mourning is a process.  For it to be successfully completed there has to be a final goodbye.  The book closes with my final goodbye to my father.  But it ends with the opening paragraph of a new chronicle, or a new paragraph in the continuing chronicle.  Either way, a beginning.

 

In the last ten years the notion has strongly taken hold that “it’s the victim that gets the life sentence.”  This argument may assist the punishment lobby but as a mindset it is of limited value to murder victims families.  “A Witness For Peace” demonstrates that life sentences are dispensed by parents, not by murderers.

 

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